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Bangladesh
Main Page
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Background:
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Europeans
began to set up trading
posts in the area of
Bangladesh in the 16th
century; eventually the
British came to dominate the
region and it became part of
British India. In 1947, West
Pakistan and East Bengal
(both primarily Muslim)
separated from India
(largely Hindu) and jointly
became the new country of
Pakistan. East Bengal became
East Pakistan in 1955, but
the awkward arrangement of a
two-part country with its
territorial units separated
by 1,600 km left the
Bengalis marginalized and
dissatisfied. East Pakistan
seceded from its union with
West Pakistan in 1971 and
was renamed Bangladesh. A
military-backed, emergency
caretaker regime suspended
parliamentary elections
planned for January 2007 in
an effort to reform the
political system and root
out corruption. In contrast
to the strikes and violent
street rallies that had
marked Bangladeshi politics
in previous years, the
parliamentary elections
finally held in late
December 2008 were mostly
peaceful and Sheikh HASINA
Wajed was elected prime
minister. About a third of
this extremely poor country
floods annually during the
monsoon rainy season,
hampering economic
development.
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Location:
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Southern
Asia, bordering the Bay of
Bengal, between Burma and
India
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Geographic
coordinates:
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24
00 N, 90 00 E
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Map
references:
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Asia
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Area:
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total:
143,998
sq km
country
comparison to the world:
94
land:
130,168
sq km
water:
13,830
sq km
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Area
- comparative:
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slightly
smaller than Iowa
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Land
boundaries:
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total:
4,246
km
border
countries: Burma
193 km, India 4,053 km
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Coastline:
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580
km
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Maritime
claims:
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territorial
sea: 12
nm
contiguous
zone: 18
nm
exclusive
economic zone: 200
nm
continental
shelf: up
to the outer limits of the
continental margin
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Climate:
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Weather
tropical;
mild winter (October to
March); hot, humid summer
(March to June); humid, warm
rainy monsoon (June to
October)
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Terrain:
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mostly
flat alluvial plain; hilly
in southeast
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Elevation
extremes:
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lowest
point: Indian
Ocean 0 m
highest
point: Keokradong
1,230 m
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Natural
resources:
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natural
gas, arable land, timber,
coal
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Land
use:
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arable
land: 55.39%
permanent
crops: 3.08%
other:
41.53%
(2005)
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Irrigated
land:
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47,250
sq km (2003)
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Total
renewable water resources:
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1,210.6
cu km (1999)
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Freshwater
withdrawal
(domestic/industrial/agricultural):
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total:
79.4
cu km/yr (3%/1%/96%)
per
capita: 560
cu m/yr (2000)
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Natural
hazards:
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droughts;
cyclones; much of the
country routinely inundated
during the summer monsoon
season
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Environment
- current issues:
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many
people are landless and
forced to live on and
cultivate flood-prone land;
waterborne diseases
prevalent in surface water;
water pollution, especially
of fishing areas, results
from the use of commercial
pesticides; ground water
contaminated by naturally
occurring arsenic;
intermittent water shortages
because of falling water
tables in the northern and
central parts of the
country; soil degradation
and erosion; deforestation;
severe overpopulation
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Environment
- international agreements:
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party
to: Biodiversity,
Climate Change, Climate
Change-Kyoto Protocol,
Desertification, Endangered
Species, Environmental
Modification, Hazardous
Wastes, Law of the Sea,
Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
Pollution, Wetlands
signed,
but not ratified: none
of the selected agreements
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Geography
- note:
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most
of the country is situated
on deltas of large rivers
flowing from the Himalayas:
the Ganges unites with the
Jamuna (main channel of the
Brahmaputra) and later joins
the Meghna to eventually
empty into the Bay of Bengal
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Population:
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156,118,464
(July 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
7 |
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Age
structure:
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0-14
years: 34.6%
(male 27,065,625/female
26,913,961)
15-64
years: 61.4%
(male 45,222,182/female
50,537,052)
65
years and over: 4%
(male 3,057,255/female
3,254,808) (2010 est.)
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Median
age:
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total:
22.9
years
male:
22.4
years
female:
23.4
years (2010 est.)
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Population
growth rate:
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1.55%
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
79 |
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Birth
rate:
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23.43
births/1,000 population
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
71 |
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Death
rate:
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5.81
deaths/1,000 population
(July 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
172 |
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Net
migration rate:
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-2.12
migrant(s)/1,000 population
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
174 |
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Urbanization:
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urban
population: 27%
of total population (2008)
rate
of urbanization: 3.5%
annual rate of change
(2005-10 est.)
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Sex
ratio:
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at
birth: 1.04
male(s)/female
under
15 years: 1.01
male(s)/female
15-64
years: 0.89
male(s)/female
65
years and over: 0.93
male(s)/female
total
population: 0.93
male(s)/female (2010 est.)
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Infant
mortality rate:
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total:
52.54
deaths/1,000 live births
country
comparison to the world:
48
male:
55.04
deaths/1,000 live births
female:
49.94
deaths/1,000 live births
(2010 est.)
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Life
expectancy at birth:
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total
population: 69.44
years
country
comparison to the world:
148
male:
67.64
years
female:
71.3
years (2010 est.)
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Total
fertility rate:
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2.65
children born/woman (2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
79 |
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HIV/AIDS
- adult prevalence rate:
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less
than 0.1% (2001 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
139 |
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HIV/AIDS
- people living with
HIV/AIDS:
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12,000
(2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
95 |
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HIV/AIDS
- deaths:
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fewer
than 500 (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
82 |
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Major
infectious diseases:
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degree
of risk: high
food
or waterborne diseases: bacterial
and protozoal diarrhea,
hepatitis A and E, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne
diseases: dengue
fever and malaria are high
risks in some locations
water
contact disease: leptospirosis
animal
contact disease: rabies
note:
highly
pathogenic H5N1 avian
influenza has been
identified in this country;
it poses a negligible risk
with extremely rare cases
possible among US citizens
who have close contact with
birds (2009)
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Nationality:
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noun:
Bangladeshi(s)
adjective:
Bangladeshi
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Ethnic
groups:
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Bengali
98%, other 2% (includes
tribal groups, non-Bengali
Muslims) (1998)
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Religions:
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Muslim
89.5%, Hindu 9.6%, other
0.9% (2004)
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Languages:
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Bangla
(official, also known as
Bengali), English
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Literacy:
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definition:
age
15 and over can read and
write
total
population: 47.9%
male:
54%
female:
41.4%
(2001 Census)
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School
life expectancy (primary to
tertiary education):
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total:
8
years
male:
8
years
female:
8
years (2007)
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Education
expenditures:
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2.4%
of GDP (2008)
country
comparison to the world:
163
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Country
name:
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conventional
long form: People's
Republic of Bangladesh
conventional
short form: Bangladesh
local
long form: Gana
Prajatantri Bangladesh
local
short form:
former:
East
Bengal, East Pakistan
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Government
type:
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parliamentary
democracy
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Capital:
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name:
Dhaka
geographic
coordinates: 23
43 N, 90 24 E
time
difference: UTC+6
(11 hours ahead of
Washington, DC during
Standard Time)
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Administrative
divisions:
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7
divisions; Barisal,
Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna,
Rajshahi, Rangpur, Sylhet
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Independence:
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16
December 1971 (from West
Pakistan); note - 26 March
1971 is the date of
independence from West
Pakistan, 16 December 1971
is known as Victory Day and
commemorates the official
creation of the state of
Bangladesh
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National
holiday:
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Independence
Day, 26 March (1971); note -
26 March 1971 is the date of
independence from West
Pakistan, 16 December 1971
is Victory Day and
commemorates the official
creation of the state of
Bangladesh
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Constitution:
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4
November 1972; effective 16
December 1972; suspended
following coup of 24 March
1982; restored 10 November
1986; amended many times
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Legal
system:
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based
on English common law; has
not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction
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Suffrage:
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18
years of age; universal
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Executive
branch:
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chief
of state: President
Zillur RAHMAN (since 12
February 2009)
head
of government: Prime
Minister Sheikh HASINA Wajed
(since 6 January 2009)
cabinet:
Cabinet
selected by the prime
minister and appointed by
the president
(For
more information visit the
World Leaders website )
elections:
president
elected by National
Parliament for a five-year
term (eligible for a second
term); last election held on
11 February 2009 (next to be
held in 2014)
election
results: Zillur
RAHMAN declared
president-elect by the
Election Commission on 11
February 2009 (sworn in on
12 February); he ran
unopposed as president;
percent of National
Parliament vote - NA
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Legislative
branch:
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unicameral
National Parliament or
Jatiya Sangsad; 300 seats
elected by popular vote from
single territorial
constituencies; members
serve five-year terms
elections:
last
held on 29 December 2008
(next to be held in 2013)
election
results: percent
of vote by party - AL 49%,
BNP 33.2%, JP 7%, JIB 4.6%,
other 6.2%; seats by party -
AL 230, BNP 30, JP 27, JIB
2, other 11
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Judicial
branch:
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Supreme
Court (the chief justices
and other judges are
appointed by the president)
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Political
parties and leaders:
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Awami
League or AL [Sheikh HASINA];
Bangladesh Communist Party
or BCP [Manjurul A. KHAN];
Bangladesh Nationalist Party
or BNP [Khaleda ZIA];
Bikalpa Dhara Bangladesh or
BDB [Badrudozza CHOWDHURY];
Islami Oikya Jote or IOJ
[multiple leaders];
Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh
or JIB [Matiur Rahman NIZAMI];
Jatiya Party or JP (Ershad
faction) [Hussain Mohammad
ERSHAD]; Liberal Democratic
Party or LDP [Oli AHMED]
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Political
pressure groups and leaders:
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Advocacy
to End Gender-based Violence
through the MoWCA (Ministry
of Women's and Children's
Affairs)
other:
environmentalists;
Islamist groups; religious
leaders; teachers; union
leaders
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International
organization participation:
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ADB,
ARF, BIMSTEC, C, CICA
(observer), CP, D-8, FAO,
G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC,
ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD,
IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF,
IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC,
IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU,
ITUC, MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO,
NAM, OIC, OPCW, SAARC, SACEP,
UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO,
UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL,
UNMIS, UNMIT, UNOCI, UNWTO,
UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO,
WMO, WTO
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Diplomatic
representation in the US:
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chief
of mission: Ambassador
Akramul QADER
chancery:
3510
International Drive NW,
Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
[1]
(202) 244-0183
FAX:
[1]
(202) 244-7830/2771
consulate(s)
general: Los
Angeles, New York
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Diplomatic
representation from the US:
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chief
of mission: Ambassador
James F. MORIARTY
embassy:
Madani
Avenue, Baridhara, Dhaka
1212
mailing
address: G.
P. O. Box 323, Dhaka 1000
telephone:
[880]
(2) 885-5500
FAX:
[880]
(2) 882-3744
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Flag
description:
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green
field with a large red disk
shifted slightly to the
hoist side of center; the
red disk represents the
rising sun and the sacrifice
to achieve independence; the
green field symbolizes the
lush vegetation of
Bangladesh
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National
anthem:
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name:
"Amar
Shonar Bangla" (My
Golden Bengal)
lyrics/music:
Rabindranath
TAGORE
note:
adopted
1971; Rabindranath TAGORE, a
Nobel laureate, also wrote
India's national anthem
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Economy
- overview:
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The
economy has grown 5-6% per
year since 1996 despite
political instability, poor
infrastructure, corruption,
insufficient power supplies,
and slow implementation of
economic reforms. Bangladesh
remains a poor,
overpopulated, and
inefficiently-governed
nation. Although more than
half of GDP is generated
through the service sector,
45% of Bangladeshis are
employed in the agriculture
sector, with rice as the
single-most-important
product. Bangladesh's growth
was resilient during the
2008-09 global financial
crisis and recession.
Garment exports, totaling
$12.3 billion in FY09 and
remittances from overseas
Bangladeshis totaling $9.7
billion in FY09 accounted
for almost 25% of GDP.
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GDP
(purchasing power parity):
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$259.3
billion (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
47
$244.6
billion (2009 est.)
$231.4
billion (2008 est.)
note:
data
are in 2010 US dollars
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GDP
(official exchange rate):
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$105.4
billion (2010 est.)
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GDP
- real growth rate:
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6%
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
36
5.7%
(2009 est.)
6%
(2008 est.)
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GDP
- per capita (PPP):
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$1,700
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
196
$1,600
(2009 est.)
$1,500
(2008 est.)
note:
data
are in 2010 US dollars
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GDP
- composition by sector:
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agriculture:
18.4%
industry:
28.7%
services:
52.9%
(2010 est.)
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Labor
force:
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73.87
million
country
comparison to the world:
8
note:
extensive
export of labor to Saudi
Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman,
Qatar, and Malaysia;
workers' remittances
estimated at $10.9 billion
in 2009-10 (2010 est.)
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Labor
force - by occupation:
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agriculture:
45%
industry:
30%
services:
25%
(2008)
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Unemployment
rate:
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5.1%
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
47
5.1%
(2009 est.)
note:
about
40% of the population is
underemployed; many
participants in the labor
force work only a few hours
a week, at low wages
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Population
below poverty line:
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36.3%
(2008 est.)
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Household
income or consumption by
percentage share:
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lowest
10%: 8.8%
highest
10%: 26.6%
(2008 est.)
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Distribution
of family income - Gini
index:
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33.2
(2005)
country
comparison to the world:
94
33.6
(1996)
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Investment
(gross fixed):
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23.8%
of GDP (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
48 |
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Public
debt:
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39.3%
of GDP (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
74
39.7%
of GDP (2009 est.)
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Inflation
rate (consumer prices):
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8.1%
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
188
5.4%
(2009 est.)
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Central
bank discount rate:
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5%
(31 October 2010)
country
comparison to the world:
86
5%
(31 December 2008)
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Commercial
bank prime lending rate:
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14.6%
(31 December 2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
38
16.38%
(31 December 2008 est.)
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Stock
of narrow money:
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$13.98
billion (31 December 2010
est)
country
comparison to the world:
67
$10.92
billion (31 December 2009
est)
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Stock
of broad money:
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$57.21
billion (31 December 2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
64
$63.03
billion (31 December 2009)
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Stock
of domestic credit:
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$62.2
billion (31 December 2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
60
$53.77
billion (31 December 2009
est.)
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Market
value of publicly traded
shares:
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$7.068
billion (31 December 2009)
country
comparison to the world:
74
$6.671
billion (31 December 2008)
$6.793
billion (31 December 2007)
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Agriculture
- products:
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rice,
jute, tea, wheat, sugarcane,
potatoes, tobacco, pulses,
oilseeds, spices, fruit;
beef, milk, poultry
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Industries:
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cotton
textiles, jute, garments,
tea processing, paper
newsprint, cement, chemical
fertilizer, light
engineering, sugar
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Industrial
production growth rate:
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6.4%
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
50 |
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Electricity
- production:
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25.62
billion kWh (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
66 |
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Electricity
- consumption:
|
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23.94
billion kWh (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
65 |
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Electricity
- exports:
|
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0
kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity
- imports:
|
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0
kWh (2008 est.)
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Oil
- production:
|
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5,733
bbl/day (2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
91 |
|
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Oil
- consumption:
|
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96,000
bbl/day (2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
76 |
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Oil
- exports:
|
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2,612
bbl/day (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
109 |
|
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Oil
- imports:
|
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87,660
bbl/day (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
67 |
|
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Oil
- proved reserves:
|
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28
million bbl (1 January 2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
82 |
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Natural
gas - production:
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19.7
billion cu m (2008 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
32 |
|
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Natural
gas - consumption:
|
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19.7
billion cu m (2008 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
35 |
|
|
Natural
gas - exports:
|
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0
cu m (2008 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
199 |
|
|
Natural
gas - imports:
|
|
0
cu m (2008 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
199 |
|
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Natural
gas - proved reserves:
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195.4
billion cu m (1 January 2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
46 |
|
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Current
account balance:
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$3.734
billion (2010)
country
comparison to the world:
34
$2.416
billion (2009)
|
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Exports:
|
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$16.24
billion (2010)
country
comparison to the world:
73
$15.58
billion (2009)
|
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Exports
- commodities:
|
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garments,
frozen fish and seafood,
jute and jute goods, leather
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Exports
- partners:
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US
22.5%, Germany 14.2%, UK
9.6%, France 7%, Netherlands
6.4% (2009)
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Imports:
|
|
$21.34
billion (2010)
country
comparison to the world:
68
$20.3
billion (2009)
|
|
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Imports
- commodities:
|
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machinery
and equipment, chemicals,
iron and steel, textiles,
foodstuffs, petroleum
products, cement
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Imports
- partners:
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China
16.16%, India 12.61%,
Singapore 7.55%, Japan
4.63%, Malaysia 4.46% (2009)
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Reserves
of foreign exchange and gold:
|
|
$10.79
billion (31 December 2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
53
$10.34
billion (31 December 2009
est.)
|
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Debt
- external:
|
|
$24.46
billion (31 December 2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
69
$24.22
billion (31 December 2009
est.)
|
|
|
Stock
of direct foreign investment
- at home:
|
|
$6.72
billion (31 December 2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
83
$5.617
billion (31 December 2009
est.)
|
|
|
Stock
of direct foreign investment
- abroad:
|
|
$82
million (31 December 2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
80
$81
million (31 December 2009
est.)
|
|
|
Exchange
rates:
|
|
taka
(BDT) per US dollar - 70.59
(2010), 69.039 (2009),
68.554 (2008), 69.893
(2007), 69.031 (2006)
|
|
|
|
|
| Communications
::Bangladesh |
|
Telephones
- main lines in use:
|
|
1.522
million (2009)
country
comparison to the world:
63 |
|
|
Telephones
- mobile cellular:
|
|
50.4
million (2009)
country
comparison to the world:
24 |
|
|
Telephone
system:
|
|
general
assessment: inadequate
for a modern country;
introducing digital systems;
trunk systems include VHF
and UHF microwave radio
relay links, and some
fiber-optic cable in cities
domestic:
fixed-line
teledensity remains only
about 1 per 100 persons;
mobile-cellular telephone
subscribership has been
increasing rapidly and now
exceeds 30 telephones per
100 persons
international:
country
code - 880; landing point
for the SEA-ME-WE-4
fiber-optic submarine cable
system that provides links
to Europe, the Middle East,
and Asia; satellite earth
stations - 6; international
radiotelephone
communications and landline
service to neighboring
countries (2009)
|
|
|
Broadcast
media:
|
|
state-owned
broadcaster (BTV) operates 1
terrestrial TV station, 3
radio networks, and about 10
local stations; 8 private
satellite TV stations and 3
private radio stations also
broadcasting; foreign
satellite TV stations are
gaining audience share in
the large cities; several
international radio
broadcasters are available
(2007)
|
|
|
Internet
country code:
|
|
.bd
|
|
|
Internet
hosts:
|
|
68,224
(2010)
country
comparison to the world:
81 |
|
|
Internet
users:
|
|
617,300
(2009)
country
comparison to the world:
112
|
|
|
|
|
| Transportation
::Bangladesh |
|
Airports:
|
|
17
(2010)
country
comparison to the world:
140 |
|
|
Airports
- with paved runways:
|
|
total:
15
over
3,047 m: 2
2,438
to 3,047 m: 2
1,524
to 2,437 m: 6
914
to 1,523 m: 1
under
914 m: 4
(2010)
|
|
|
Airports
- with unpaved runways:
|
|
total:
2
1,524
to 2,437 m: 1
under
914 m: 1
(2010)
|
|
|
Pipelines:
|
|
gas
2,597 km (2009)
|
|
|
Railways:
|
|
total:
2,768
km
country
comparison to the world:
61
broad
gauge: 946
km 1.676-m gauge
narrow
gauge: 1,822
km 1.000-m gauge (2008)
|
|
|
Roadways:
|
|
total:
239,226
km
country
comparison to the world:
21
paved:
22,726
km
unpaved:
216,500
km (2003)
|
|
|
Waterways:
|
|
8,370
km
country
comparison to the world:
17
note:
includes
up to 3,060 km main cargo
routes; network reduced to
5,200 km in dry season
(2007)
|
|
|
Merchant
marine:
|
|
total:
50
country
comparison to the world:
70
by
type: bulk
carrier 16, cargo 25,
container 5, petroleum
tanker 4
foreign-owned:
4
(China 1, Singapore 3)
registered
in other countries: 9
(Comoros 1, Malta 1, Panama
3, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines 1, Sierra Leone
1, Singapore 2) (2010)
|
|
|
Ports
and terminals:
|
|
Chittagong,
Mongla Port
|
|
|
Transportation
- note:
|
|
the
International Maritime
Bureau reports the
territorial waters of
Bangladesh as high risk for
armed robbery against ships;
numerous commercial vessels
have been attacked both at
anchor and while underway;
crews have been robbed and
stores or cargoes stolen
|
|
|
|
|
|
Military
branches:
|
|
Bangladesh
Defense Force: Bangladesh
Army (Sena Bahini),
Bangladesh Navy (Noh Bahini,
BN), Bangladesh Air Force (Biman
Bahini, BAF) (2010)
|
|
|
Military
service age and obligation:
|
|
16
years of age for voluntary
enlisted military service
(Air Force); 17 years of age
(Army and Navy);
conscription is by law
possible in times of
emergency, but has never
been implemented (2010)
|
|
|
Manpower
available for military
service:
|
|
males
age 16-49: 36,560,110
(2010 est.)
|
|
|
Manpower
fit for military service:
|
|
males
age 16-49: 25,310,750
females
age 16-49: 32,154,153
(2010 est.)
|
|
|
Manpower
reaching militarily
significant age annually:
|
|
male:
1,550,385
female:
1,676,137
(2010 est.)
|
|
|
Military
expenditures:
|
|
1.3%
of GDP (2009)
country
comparison to the world:
112
|
|
|
|
|
| Transnational
Issues ::Bangladesh |
|
Disputes
- international:
|
|
discussions
with India remain stalled to
delimit a small section of
river boundary, exchange
territory for 51 small
Bangladeshi exclaves in
India and 111 small Indian
exclaves in Bangladesh,
allocate divided villages,
and stop illegal
cross-border trade,
migration, violence, and
transit of terrorists
through the porous border;
Bangladesh protests India's
fencing and walling off
high-traffic sections of the
porous boundary; a joint
Bangladesh-India boundary
commission resurveyed and
reconstructed 92 missing
pillars in 2007; after 21
years, Bangladesh in January
2008 resumed talks with
Burma on delimiting a
maritime boundary
|
|
|
Refugees
and internally displaced
persons:
|
|
refugees
(country of origin): 26,268
(Burma)
IDPs:
65,000
(land conflicts, religious
persecution) (2007)
|
|
|
Trafficking
in persons:
|
|
current
situation: Bangladesh
is a source and transit
country for men, women, and
children trafficked for the
purposes of forced labor and
commercial sexual
exploitation; a significant
share of Bangladesh's
trafficking victims are men
recruited for work overseas
with fraudulent employment
offers who are subsequently
exploited under conditions
of forced labor or debt
bondage; children are
trafficked within Bangladesh
for commercial sexual
exploitation, bonded labor,
and forced labor; women and
children from Bangladesh are
also trafficked to India and
Pakistan for sexual
exploitation
tier
rating: Bangladesh
is placed on Tier 2 Watch
List because it does not
fully comply with the
minimum standards for the
elimination of trafficking;
however, it is making
significant efforts to do
so, including some progress
in addressing sex
trafficking; the government
did not demonstrate
sufficient progress in
criminally prosecuting and
convicting labor trafficking
offenders, particularly
those responsible for the
recruitment of Bangladeshi
workers for the purpose of
labor trafficking (2009)
|
|
|
Illicit
drugs:
|
|
transit
country for illegal drugs
produced in neighboring
countries
|
|
|
|
|
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