The People
of Bangladesh
Bangladesh
(Bengali: :
বাংলাদেশ, pronounced /bęŋgləˈdɛʃ/;
Bangladesh), officially
the People's Republic of Bangladesh (Bengali:
গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী
বাংলাদেশ Gōnoprojatontri
Banglādeśh) is a country in South Asia. It is bordered by
India on all sides except for a small border with Burma (Myanmar) to the far
southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south. Together with the Indian state
of West Bengal, it makes up the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. The name Bangladesh
means "Country of Bengal" in the official Bengali language.
The borders of
present-day Bangladesh were established with the partition of Bengal and India
in 1947, when the region became the eastern wing of the newly formed Pakistan.
However, it was separated from the western wing by 1,600 km (994 mi)
of Indian territory. Political and linguistic discrimination as well as economic
neglect led to popular agitations against West Pakistan, which led to the war
for independence in 1971 and the establishment of Bangladesh. After
independence, the new state endured famines, natural disasters and widespread
poverty, as well as political turmoil and military coups. The restoration of
democracy in 1991 has been followed by relative calm and economic progress.
Bangladesh is the
seventh most populous country and is among the most densely populated countries
in the world with a high poverty rate. However, per-capita (inflation-adjusted)
GDP has more than doubled since 1975, and the poverty rate has fallen by 20%
since the early 1990s. The country is listed among the "Next Eleven"
economies. Dhaka, the capital, and other urban centers have been the driving
force behind this growth.[5]
Geographically, the
country straddles the fertile Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta and is subject to annual
monsoon floods and cyclones. It has the longest unbroken sea beach in the world
in the Cox's Bazaar. Bangladesh is a parliamentary democracy with an elected
parliament called the Jatiyo Sangshad. The country is a member of the
Commonwealth of Nations, the OIC, SAARC, BIMSTEC, and the D-8. As the World Bank
notes in its July 2005 Country Brief, the country has made significant progress
in human development in the areas of literacy, gender parity in schooling and
reduction of population growth.[6]
However, Bangladesh continues to face a number of major challenges, including
widespread political and bureaucratic corruption, economic competition relative
to the world, serious overpopulation, widespread poverty, and an increasing
danger of hydrologic shocks brought on by ecological vulnerability to
From Wikipedia
Population
|
158,065,841 (July 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 7 |
Age
structure: |
0-14 years: 34.1%
(male 27,014,859/female 26,861,334)
15-64 years: 61.8%
(male 45,972,283/female 51,670,172)
65 years and over: 4.1%
(male 3,161,943/female 3,385,250) (2010 est.)
|
Population
growth rate |
1.274%
(2010 est.) |
Birth
rate |
23.8
births/1,000 population (2010 est.) |
Death
rate |
9.08
deaths/1,000 population |
Urbanization |
urban population: 27%
of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 3.5%
annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
|
Sex
ratio |
at birth: 1.04
male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01
male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.89
male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.93
male(s)/female
total population: 0.93
male(s)/female (2010 est.)
|
Life
expectancy at birth |
total population: 60.63
years
country
comparison to the world: 185
male: 57.93
years
female: 63.43
years (2010 est.)
|
Major
infectious diseases |
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial
and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue
fever and malaria are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: leptospirosis
animal contact disease: rabies
note: highly
pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country;
it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US
citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)
|
GDP
(official exchange rate) |
$93.2
billion (2009 est.) |
GDP -
real growth rate |
5.6% (2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 18
6% (2008 est.)
6.2% (2007 est.)
|
GDP -
per capita (PPP) |
$1,600 (2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 193
$1,500 (2008 est.)
$1,400 (2007 est.)
note: data
are in 2009 US dollars
|
Population
below poverty line |
36.3%
(2008 est.) |
GDP
(purchasing power parity) |
$242.4 billion (2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 47
$229.5 billion (2008 est.)
$216.5 billion (2007 est.)
note: data
are in 2009 US dollars
|
past
asianinfo
In
2000, Bangladesh was estimated to be one of the ten most
highly populated countries with an estimated population of
just under 130 million. This makes the population
density of about 875 people per sq km (2,267 people per sq
mi) higher than other countries. Most of the
population is young with about 60 percent under the age of
25, with only about 3 percent over the age of 65 (life
expectancy is 61 years). Twenty percent of the
population was deemed to be urban in 1998, making
Bangladesh's population predominantly rural.
Bengalis
make up the majority of Bangladesh's population.
They are descendants from immigrant Indo-Aryans who came
from the west and intermarried with various Bengal groups.
The minority in Bangladesh is comprised of several groups,
the Chakma and Mogh (Mongoloid people who live in the
Chittagong Hill Tracts District), the Santal (migrants
from India) and the Biharis (Muslims who came from India).
Population:
|
156,118,464
(July 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
7 |
|
Age
structure:
|
0-14
years: 34.6%
(male 27,065,625/female
26,913,961)
15-64
years: 61.4%
(male 45,222,182/female
50,537,052)
65
years and over: 4%
(male 3,057,255/female
3,254,808) (2010 est.)
|
|
Median
age:
|
total:
22.9
years
male:
22.4
years
female:
23.4
years (2010 est.)
|
|
Population
growth rate:
|
1.55%
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
79 |
|
Birth
rate:
|
23.43
births/1,000 population
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
71 |
|
Death
rate:
|
5.81
deaths/1,000 population
(July 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
172 |
|
Net
migration rate:
|
-2.12
migrant(s)/1,000
population (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
174 |
|
Urbanization:
|
urban
population: 27%
of total population (2008)
rate
of urbanization: 3.5%
annual rate of change
(2005-10 est.)
|
|
Sex
ratio:
|
at
birth: 1.04
male(s)/female
under
15 years: 1.01
male(s)/female
15-64
years: 0.89
male(s)/female
65
years and over: 0.93
male(s)/female
total
population: 0.93
male(s)/female (2010 est.)
|
|
Infant
mortality rate:
|
total:
52.54
deaths/1,000 live births
country
comparison to the world:
48
male:
55.04
deaths/1,000 live births
female:
49.94
deaths/1,000 live births
(2010 est.)
|
|
Life
expectancy at birth:
|
total
population: 69.44
years
country
comparison to the world:
148
male:
67.64
years
female:
71.3
years (2010 est.)
|
|
Total
fertility rate:
|
2.65
children born/woman (2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
79 |
|
HIV/AIDS
- adult prevalence rate:
|
less
than 0.1% (2001 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
139 |
|
HIV/AIDS
- people living with
HIV/AIDS:
|
12,000
(2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
95 |
|
HIV/AIDS
- deaths:
|
fewer
than 500 (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
82 |
|
Major
infectious diseases:
|
degree
of risk: high
food
or waterborne diseases: bacterial
and protozoal diarrhea,
hepatitis A and E, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne
diseases: dengue
fever and malaria are high
risks in some locations
water
contact disease: leptospirosis
animal
contact disease: rabies
note:
highly
pathogenic H5N1 avian
influenza has been
identified in this
country; it poses a
negligible risk with
extremely rare cases
possible among US citizens
who have close contact
with birds (2009)
|
|
Nationality:
|
noun:
Bangladeshi(s)
adjective:
Bangladeshi
|
|
Ethnic
groups:
|
Bengali
98%, other 2% (includes
tribal groups, non-Bengali
Muslims) (1998)
|
|
Religions:
|
Muslim
89.5%, Hindu 9.6%, other
0.9% (2004)
|
|
Languages:
|
Bangla
(official, also known as
Bengali), English
|
|
Literacy:
|
definition:
age
15 and over can read and
write
total
population: 47.9%
male:
54%
female:
41.4%
(2001 Census)
|
|
School
life expectancy (primary
to tertiary education):
|
total:
8
years
male:
8
years
female:
8
years (2007)
|
|
Education
expenditures:
|
2.4%
of GDP (2008)
country
comparison to the world:
163
|
|
cia fact
|
|