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Bangladesh
People
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Bangladesh
(Bengali: :
বাংলাদেশ,
pronounced /bęŋgləˈdɛʃ/;
Bangladesh),
officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh
(Bengali:
গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী
বাংলাদেশ
Gōnoprojatontri
Banglādeśh) is a country in South
Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for
a small border with Burma (Myanmar) to the far
southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south.
Together with the Indian state of West Bengal, it
makes up the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. The
name Bangladesh means "Country of
Bengal" in the official Bengali language.
The borders of
present-day Bangladesh were established with the
partition of Bengal and India in 1947, when the region
became the eastern wing of the newly formed Pakistan.
However, it was separated from the western wing by
1,600 km (994 mi) of Indian territory.
Political and linguistic discrimination as well as
economic neglect led to popular agitations against
West Pakistan, which led to the war for independence
in 1971 and the establishment of Bangladesh. After
independence, the new state endured famines, natural
disasters and widespread poverty, as well as political
turmoil and military coups. The restoration of
democracy in 1991 has been followed by relative calm
and economic progress.
Bangladesh is the
seventh most populous country and is among the most
densely populated countries in the world with a high
poverty rate. However, per-capita (inflation-adjusted)
GDP has more than doubled since 1975, and the poverty
rate has fallen by 20% since the early 1990s. The
country is listed among the "Next Eleven"
economies. Dhaka, the capital, and other urban centers
have been the driving force behind this growth.[5]
Geographically, the
country straddles the fertile Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta
and is subject to annual monsoon floods and cyclones.
It has the longest unbroken sea beach in the world in
the Cox's Bazaar. Bangladesh is a parliamentary
democracy with an elected parliament called the Jatiyo
Sangshad. The country is a member of the Commonwealth
of Nations, the OIC, SAARC, BIMSTEC, and the D-8. As
the World Bank notes in its July 2005 Country Brief,
the country has made significant progress in human
development in the areas of literacy, gender parity in
schooling and reduction of population growth.[6]
However, Bangladesh continues to face a number of
major challenges, including widespread political and
bureaucratic corruption, economic competition relative
to the world, serious overpopulation, widespread
poverty, and an increasing danger of hydrologic shocks
brought on by ecological vulnerability to
From
Wikipedia
Population |
158,065,841 (July 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 7 |
Age structure: |
0-14 years: 34.1%
(male 27,014,859/female 26,861,334)
15-64 years: 61.8%
(male 45,972,283/female 51,670,172)
65 years and over: 4.1%
(male 3,161,943/female 3,385,250) (2010 est.)
|
Population growth
rate |
1.274% (2010 est.) |
Birth rate |
23.8 births/1,000
population (2010 est.) |
Death rate |
9.08 deaths/1,000
population |
Urbanization |
urban population: 27%
of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 3.5%
annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
|
Sex ratio |
at birth: 1.04
male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01
male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.89
male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.93
male(s)/female
total population: 0.93
male(s)/female (2010 est.)
|
Life expectancy at
birth |
total population: 60.63
years
country
comparison to the world: 185
male: 57.93
years
female: 63.43
years (2010 est.)
|
Major infectious
diseases |
degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial
and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and
typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue
fever and malaria are high risks in some
locations
water contact disease: leptospirosis
animal contact disease: rabies
note: highly
pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been
identified in this country; it poses a
negligible risk with extremely rare cases
possible among US citizens who have close
contact with birds (2009)
|
GDP (official
exchange rate) |
$93.2 billion (2009
est.) |
GDP - real growth
rate |
5.6% (2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 18
6% (2008 est.)
6.2% (2007 est.)
|
GDP - per capita
(PPP) |
$1,600 (2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 193
$1,500 (2008 est.)
$1,400 (2007 est.)
note: data
are in 2009 US dollars
|
Population below
poverty line |
36.3% (2008 est.) |
GDP (purchasing
power parity) |
$242.4 billion (2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 47
$229.5 billion (2008 est.)
$216.5 billion (2007 est.)
note: data
are in 2009 US dollars
|
past
asianinfo
In 2000,
Bangladesh was estimated to be one of the ten most
highly populated countries with an estimated population
of just under 130 million. This makes the
population density of about 875 people per sq km (2,267
people per sq mi) higher than other countries.
Most of the population is young with about 60 percent
under the age of 25, with only about 3 percent over the
age of 65 (life expectancy is 61 years). Twenty
percent of the population was deemed to be urban in
1998, making Bangladesh's population predominantly
rural.
Bengalis
make up the majority of Bangladesh's population.
They are descendants from immigrant Indo-Aryans who came
from the west and intermarried with various Bengal
groups. The minority in Bangladesh is comprised of
several groups, the Chakma and Mogh (Mongoloid people
who live in the Chittagong Hill Tracts District), the
Santal (migrants from India) and the Biharis (Muslims
who came from India).
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